Nginx安装及配置

安装

• 下载

  ## 安装依赖
  yum -y install gcc zlib zlib-devel pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel
  ## 下载
  wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.23.1.tar.gz 
  ## 解压
  tar -xvzf nginx-1.23.1.tar.gz
  cd nginx-1.23.1
  //执行命令
  ./configure
  make
  make install 
  

• 启动

  cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin   
  ./nginx
  

• 源码编译安装默认目录 /usr/local/nginx

• 常见命令

  #默认配置文件启动
  ./nginx  
  #重启，加载默认配置文件
  ./nginx -s reload 
  #启动指定某个配置文件
  ./nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 
  #停止
  ./nginx -s stop 
  

配置

# 每个配置项由配置指令和指令参数 2 个部分构成
#user  nobody;  # 指定Nginx Worker进程运行以及用户组
worker_processes  1;   # 

#error_log  logs/error.log;  # 错误日志的存放路径  和错误日志
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;   # 进程PID存放路径


# 事件模块指令，用来指定Nginx的IO模型，Nginx支持的有select、poll、kqueue、epoll 等。不同的是epoll用在Linux平台上，而kqueue用在BSD系统中，对于Linux系统，epoll工作模式是首选
events { 
    use epoll;
  # 定义Nginx每个进程的最大连接数， 作为服务器来说: worker_connections * worker_processes,
  # 作为反向代理来说，最大并发数量应该是worker_connections * worker_processes/2。因为反向代理服务器，每个  并发会建立与客户端的连接和与后端服务的连接，会占用两个连接
    worker_connections  1024; 
}




http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    # 自定义服务日志
    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    # 是否开启高效传输模式 on开启 off关闭
    sendfile        on;
    
    #减少网络报文段的数量
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    # 客户端连接保持活动的超时时间，超过这个时间之后，服务器会关闭该连接
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;
    
    # 虚拟主机的配置
    server {
        listen       80; # 虚拟主机的服务端口
        server_name  localhost; #用来指定IP地址或域名，多个域名之间用空格分开

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        #URL地址匹配
        location / {
            root   html;  # 服务默认启动目录
            index  index.html index.htm; #默认访问文件，按照顺序找
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;   #错误状态码的显示页面

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
}

多项目不同配置文件管理

• nginx.conf

  events {
      worker_connections 1024;
  }
  http {
      #include       mime.types;
      default_type  application/octet-stream;
      sendfile        on;
      keepalive_timeout  65;
      ## 引入conf.d/的配置
      include conf.d/*.conf;  
  }
  
  

• 以文件服务为例

  upstream zc{
      ip_hash;
      server 127.0.0.1:8088; 
  }
  server {
      client_max_body_size 10240M;
      include       mime.types;
      #监听443端口
      listen 443;
      #你的域名
      server_name file.yangliu97.top; 
      ssl on;
      #ssl证书的pem文件路径
      ssl_certificate    /root/.acme.sh/file.yangliu97.top/file.yangliu97.top.cer;
      #ssl证书的key文件路径
      ssl_certificate_key   /root/.acme.sh/file.yangliu97.top/file.yangliu97.top.key;
      location / {
       proxy_pass http://zc;     
  }
  }
  
  server {
      listen 80;
      server_name file.yangliu97.top;
      #将请求转成https
      return 301 https://$http_host$request_uri;
  }